Sprite Animation in Android with OpenGL ES

You need to do the right UV mapping to be able to see only one frame of your sprite sheet.

For the animation the trick is to use

glMatrixMode(GL_TEXTURE);
glTranslatef(u, v, 0);

where u and v are the coordinates of the current frame in UV space.

You can find more info here: sprite animation in openGL

AndEngine provides a good way to draw animated sprites. It has a class AnimatedSprite which will do a lot of work for you. Here are the steps :

1. Get the BitMapTextureAtlas

bitmapTextureAtlas = new BuildableBitmapTextureAtlas(getTextureManager(), 480, 200, TextureOptions.NEAREST);

2.Get the TiledTextureRegion for your spirtesheet

yourTextureRegion = BitmapTextureAtlasTextureRegionFactory.createTiledFromAsset(bitmapTextureAtlas, context, "yourspritesheet.png", /*sprite rows*/, /*sprite columns*/);

3.Finally create the AnimatedSprite and attach it to the scene

AnimatedSprite yourSprite = new AnimatedSprite(40, 40, yourTextureRegion, this.getVertexBufferObjectManager());
yourSprite.animate(100);
yourScene.attachChild(yourSprite); /**attach this spirte to the scene**/

For further reference look : https://github.com/nicolasgramlich/AndEngineExamples

The optimized way would be to have one texture with all the steps in your animation, like movie frames. As it is a texture, each frames has initial coordinates and a common frame width and height. Draw one quad and change the uv coordinates of the quad to match the frame you want to draw in the texture. Marco Martilleni pointed to a good tutorial.