Permutations, combinations, bijective proofs, generating functions

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Finding the shortest/“most negative” closed directed trail in a weighted digraph with negative weights

I'm using the following definition of a "closed directed trail": a closed directed trail is a directed cycle in a digraph where all edges are distinct. Note that vertices may be repeated, so long as ...
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Lottery with coupon collecting - what prices are fair?

Assume there is a lottery where you can buy lots for 1\$ each. To win the grand price you have to collect $n$ different coupons $C_1, \ldots, C_n$ where $C_i$ occurs with probability $p_i$. You may ...