Saving user input as an array and recalling it later

I believe your question actually has nothing to do with inputs, and everything to do with arrays?

What does "called on" mean? Do you want the values need to be preserved across power off? If so, use EEPROM. The Arduino EEPROM functions only do a byte at a time, so use the AVR ones.

#include <avr/eeprom.h>

int array[12];

// save the contents of 'array' persistently
eeprom_write_block((void *)0x20, array, sizeof(array));
// load the contents from eeprom back into array
eeprom_read_block(array, (void *)0x20, sizeof(array));

To store multiple variants of the array, use different EEPROM addresses, spaced sufficiently far apart (at least 24 bytes for an array of 12 double-byte ints, so 0x20+N*24 for various N.)

The 0x20 is there to allow you to store other information in the first 32 bytes. You can start storing your arrays at offset 0x0 instead if you want.

If the question is simply "how do I save the state of an array to somewhere else" then the answer is "memcpy()."

#include <string.h>

int array[12];
int save_1[12];
int save_2[12];

// save "array" to "save_1"
mempcy(array, save_1, sizeof(array));
// restore "save_2" to "array"
memcpy(save_2, array, sizeof(array));