php create navigation menu from multidimensional array dynamically

Question

I did research on this, and wasn't able to find an exact answer. Most of the questions/answers on here pertaining to this seem to be unfinished. If anyone knows of a finished solution similar to my question, please point me in that direction!

Here is my array:

Array
(
['home'] => Array
    (
        [0] => sub-home1
        [1] => sub-home2
    )

['about'] => Array
    (
        [0] => sub-about
        ['about2'] => Array
            (
                [0] => sub-sub-about
            )

    )

['staff'] => Array
    (
        [0] => sub-staff1
        [1] => sub-staff2
    )

['contact'] => contact
)

And here is what I would like to turn it into:

<ul>
    <li><a href="">home<a/>
        <ul>
            <li><a href="">sub-home1</a></li>
            <li><a href="">sub-home2</a></li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><a href="">about<a/>
        <ul>
            <li><a href="">sub-about</a></li>
            <li><a href="">about2</a>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="">sub-sub-about<a/></li>
                </ul>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><a href="">staff<a/>
        <ul>
            <li><a href="">sub-staff1</a></li>
            <li><a href="">sub-staff2</a></li>
        </ul>
    </li>
    <li><a href="">contact<a/></li>
</ul>

The array will be dynamically generated, but will have a limit of 3 levels ex: about->about2->sub-sub-about. I tried going off of this question: PHP/MySQL Navigation Menu but they didn't really seem to come to a conclusion? I am familiar with foreach's whiles and for loops but I just can't seem to wrap my head around this one.

EDIT: Enzino, your code works!

I think what you need here is a recursive function that parses the arrays. Sorry I can't (off the top of my head) give an example, but this is DEFINITELY one case where recursion is necessary. — Matt
– Matt, Commented Jul 31, 2012 at 19:06
You want to find a DFS (depth-first search) algorithm and implement it to output the list. — Matt
– Matt, Commented Jul 31, 2012 at 19:17

score 11 · Accepted Answer · 2013-10-15 14:06:25Z

11

Here is my solution:

<?php

function MakeMenu($items, $level = 0) {
    $ret = "";
    $indent = str_repeat(" ", $level * 2);
    $ret .= sprintf("%s<ul>\n", $indent);
    $indent = str_repeat(" ", ++$level * 2);
    foreach ($items as $item => $subitems) {
        if (!is_numeric($item)) {
            $ret .= sprintf("%s<li><a href=''>%s</a>", $indent, $item);
        }
        if (is_array($subitems)) {
            $ret .= "\n";
            $ret .= MakeMenu($subitems, $level + 1);
            $ret .= $indent;
        } else if (strcmp($item, $subitems)){
            $ret .= sprintf("%s<li><a href=''>%s</a>", $indent, $subitems);
        }
        $ret .= sprintf("</li>\n", $indent);
    }
    $indent = str_repeat(" ", --$level * 2);
    $ret .= sprintf("%s</ul>\n", $indent);
    return($ret);
}

$menu = Array(
            'home' => Array("sub-home1", "sub-home2"),
            'about' => Array("sub-about", "about2" => Array("sub-sub-about")),
            'staff' => Array("sub-staff1", "sub-staff2"),
            'contact' => "contact"
        );

print_r($menu);

echo MakeMenu($menu);

?>

edited Oct 15, 2013 at 14:06

answered Jul 31, 2012 at 19:38

user1419445

Sign up to request clarification or add additional context in comments.

4 Comments

klye_g Over a year ago

Enzino, see edit above. Your code is not putting the sub items under their appropriate "parents"

user1419445 Over a year ago

I've slightly modified the code; please try again and let me know if now it works as expected.

klye_g Over a year ago

Thank you very much sir! I was on page 5 of google trying to find a good example. But your solution works. Now I have learned something new!

Fabien Sa Over a year ago

For information, to close an anchor it's </a> and not <a/>.

Vinayak Anivase · Accepted Answer · 2012-11-12 17:40:29Z

4

Calvin's solution worked for me. Here's the edited version. We can use more nested loops to get sub - sub menu items.

echo '<ul>';
foreach ($menu as $parent) {

    echo '<li><a href="#">' . $parent . '</a>';

    if (is_array($parent)) {
        echo '<ul>';
            foreach ($parent as $children) {
                echo '<li><a href="#">' . $children . '</a>';
            }
        echo '</ul>';
    }

    echo '</li>';
}
echo '</ul>';

edited Nov 12, 2012 at 17:40

answered Nov 12, 2012 at 17:32

Vinayak Anivase

414 bronze badges

1 Comment

New Alexandria Over a year ago

consider offering a recursive method

Calvin Jia · Accepted Answer · 2012-07-31 19:12:52Z

2

I think you can use recursion? Here is some pseudocode, not very familiar with php.

function toNavMenu(array A){
    for each element in A{
        echo "<li><a href=\"\">" + element.name + "</a>"
        if (element is an array){
            echo "<ul>"
            toNavMenu(element)
            echo "</ul>"
        }
        echo "</li>"
    }
}

answered Jul 31, 2012 at 19:12

Calvin Jia

8665 silver badges5 bronze badges

Comments

hoppa · Accepted Answer · 2012-07-31 19:35:09Z

2

I would probably slightly adapt the array to be something like the following:

Array(
    0 => Array(
        'title' => 'Home',
        'children' => Array()
    ),
    1 => Array(
        'title' => 'Parent',
        'children' => Array(
            0 => Array(
                'title' => 'Sub 1',
                'children' => Array(),
            ),
            1 => Array(
                'title' => 'Sub 2',
                'children' => Array(
                    0 => Array(
                        'title' => 'Sub sub 2-1',
                        'children' => Array(),
                    ),
                ),
            ),
        )
    )
)

With a structure like this you could use recursion to build your menu HTML:

function buildMenu($menuArray)
{
    foreach ($menuArray as $node)
    {
        echo "<li><a href='#'/>" . $node['title'] . "</a>";
        if ( ! empty($node['children'])) {
            echo "<ul>";
            buildMenu($node['children']);
            echo "</ul>";
        }
        echo "</li>";
    }
}

edited Jul 31, 2012 at 19:35

answered Jul 31, 2012 at 19:17

hoppa

3,04120 silver badges22 bronze badges

2 Comments

hoppa Over a year ago

I fed the array to the function below (modified it first) and it works for me now. Please do note I only did a simple test. The rest of the programming is up to you :)

klye_g Over a year ago

Duh sorry! Had it the other way

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

php create navigation menu from multidimensional array dynamically

4 Answers 4

4 Comments

1 Comment

Comments

2 Comments

Your Answer

Linked

Hot Network Questions

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

4 Answers 4

4 Comments

1 Comment

Comments

2 Comments

Your Answer

Sign up or log in

Post as a guest

Linked

Related