Ccna prep from networkers

CCNA Prep Session: Preparing to Take the CCNA Routing Exam BRKCRT-1101 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 114378_04_2008_c2.scr

Agenda BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3 Agenda Exam Overview Study Resources Exam Question Formats Tips for Taking the Exams Time Budgeting ICND1 Practice Questions ICND2 Practice Questions Q&A BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 214378_04_2008_c2.scr

Agenda: What We Will Cover Impossible to cover all topics for CCNA in two-hour session Session is about “how to prepare for the CCNA Exam”, not about “cover all CCNA knowledge in two hours” We will provide: Suggestions Resources Some sample questions We will cover a couple key topics in a little depth: Legends/Truths IP addressing Access lists BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5 Exam Overview and Options BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 314378_04_2008_c2.scr

Two Options: 1-Step and 2-Step ICND2 (640-816) Exam CCNA (640-802) Exam ICND1 (640-822) Exam BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7 CCNA Exam (640-802) ICND2 (640-816) Exam Topics CCNA (640-802) Exam Topics ICND1 (640-822) Exam Topics From an exam day perspective … You may see more ICND2 than ICND1, because some ICND2 skills require ICND1 skills plus more e.g., An ICND2-level question using VLSM may also prove ICND1-level subnetting knowledge and ICND2-level subnetting knowledge BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 414378_04_2008_c2.scr

Example ICND1 Exam Topics For Example, Here Are a Few Paraphrased Exam Topics for the ICND1 Exam: Interpret network diagrams Determine the path between two hosts across a network Verify network status and switch operation using commands Explain the operation of network of Cisco LAN Switches Create and apply an IP addressing scheme Explain NAT and enable using the SDM GUI Configure and troubleshoot RIP Version 2 Manage IOS configuration files Identify the components of a Wireless LAN Describe the functions of common security appliances Describe and identify the function and purpose of WAN networks BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9 Example ICND2 Exam Topics For Example, Here Are a Few Paraphrased Exam Topics for the ICND2 Exam: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot VTP Configure, verify, and troubleshoot trunking on Cisco switches Calculate and apply a VLSM IP addressing design to a network Verify network status and switch operation using commands Describe IPv6 addresses Configure, verify, and troubleshoot EIGRP Troubleshoot routing implementation issues Configure and apply an access control list to limit telnet and SSH access to the router Configure and verify Frame Relay on Cisco routers BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 514378_04_2008_c2.scr

Resources BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11 Networkers Live! 2008 Sessions CCNA Voice—Covers all things related to CCNA Voice CCNA Security—Covers all things related to CCNA Security CCNA Wireless—Covers all things related to CCNA Wireless Master IP Subnetting Forever—Spends the entire session teaching how to subnet accurately and speedily CCNA Routing Lab—hands-on labs related to CCNA Routing CCNA Voice Lab—hands-on labs related to CCNA Voice CCNA Security Lab—hands-on labs related to CCNA Security BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 614378_04_2008_c2.scr

CCNA Exam Recommended Reading CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition CCNA ICND2 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition 1 Hour of Video Training Available Onsite at the Cisco Company Store BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13 CCNA Exam Recommended Reading Video Learning and Foundation Test Review and Hands on Lab Assistance Learning Practice Application Available Onsite at the Cisco Company Store BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 714378_04_2008_c2.scr

CCNA Prep Center The CCNA Prep Center is designed to assist those preparing for CCNA Certification. It includes these features to help you reach your goal of obtaining a CCNA certification. Practice questions Remote labs and simulations Discussions forums with peers and CCNA experts Live Chat with Customer Service Games that will teach you new skills and reinforce CCNA topics CCNA TV live broadcast (also captured in VOD format for future reference) www.cisco.com/go/prepcenter BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15 Exam Question Formats BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 814378_04_2008_c2.scr

Multiple Choice, Single Answer May test simple recall of pertinent facts May require analysis and understanding of complex scenarios If you click a 2nd answer, it automatically unchecks the previous answer Which OSI model layer is concerned with routing? A. Layer 1 B. Layer 3 C. Layer 5 D. Layer 7 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17 Multiple Choice, Multiple Answer Question states the number of right answers Exam engine reminds about too few, too many answers Which cable in the campus LAN should be a crossover cable (Choose 2)? A. SW1 – SW2 B. PC1 – SW2 C. AP1 – SW1 D. R1 – SW2 E. PC2 – PC3 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 914378_04_2008_c2.scr

Drag-and-Drop List of items to be dragged on the left Drag to the boxes on the right Click and drag the unit of information on the left to the OSI Layer to which it best corresponds on the right. Not all apply. Packet Layer 1 Frame Layer 2 Bit Layer 3 Segment Layer 4 Record BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19 Testlet One general scenario Multiple different mc questions Can move around between the questions Text of overall scenario Text of each question here… based on which question is clicked here BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1014378_04_2008_c2.scr

Simulations (Sims) Problem Statement, with Goal Objective: Complete or Fix the Configuration Must Access and Use the CLI Click a PC icon to (virtually) Use an Emulator to Connect to Router/Switch Sims support: Help (?) Abbreviated commands Tab key to complete commands/keywords BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21 Sim Topology View Problem Statement Dashed Line Implies to Click this PC to reach R2’s CLI BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1114378_04_2008_c2.scr

Sim With CLI Visible Toggle Between CLI View and Topology View Here BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23 Simlet Like testlet, with multiple different MC questions Like sim, uses simulator Objective is to answer MC questions Typically, no configuration required BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1214378_04_2008_c2.scr

Simlet Select Question Here Toggle Between CLI View and Topology View Here Dashed Line between Host D and router Lab A implies to Click Host D icon to reach Lab A’s CLI BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25 Exam Taking Tips BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1314378_04_2008_c2.scr

Tips: Multiple Choice Questions Look for the “best” answer; some answers may be good, but not “best”, so read all the answers Look for subtleties, for example: “Packet” implies layer 3, typically IP packet, routing, etc “RIP Version 2” implies classless routing protocol and implies both VLSM support and 2s formula (instead of 2s – 2 formula) for the number of subnets If you need to guess: Rule out as many answers as possible Your first impression is usually the better answer to guess There is no penalty for guessing BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27 Tips: Testlets Answer all questions—exam software will remind you before letting you move on You can move between questions in a single testlet If confused by testlet question 1, look at question 2 When reading question X, go ahead and click answer(s), even if you are unsure, so you’ll remember your first impressions Same general suggestions as MC questions BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1414378_04_2008_c2.scr

Tips: Sims Sim questions are always answered by configuring something! The Exam Engine grades the running config, not the startup config Before exam day … Practice as much as you can (real gear, simulators, sample tests, read every configuration in books, repeat labs while in class, etc.) Use multiple sources for practice/review of configurations Exam day … Do what you can—partial credit!!! Start with “show running-config” There are no style points! BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29 Tips: Simlets Simlet questions—no need to change the config! You may not have visibility to the running config! Before exam day … Stop and do “show” commands after each step—this emulates the status in Simlet questions Use resources that emphasize and explain show command output Use multiple sources for guidance in your hands-on practice Exam day … Guess if you don’t know! (no penalty) If unsure, click your best guess now, to remember your first impressions Read all questions, then use sim (personal preference) BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1514378_04_2008_c2.scr

Router Simulation Legends vs. Truth 1. Legend: You lose points if you use help “?” Truth: No penalty! 2. Legend: You have to save your configs even if the simulation does not specifically request saving Truth: Grading based on running-config 3. Legend: You lose points if you enter too many commands Truth: No penalty! BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31 Router Simulation Legends vs. Truth (Cont.) 4. Legend: If you miss one little thing, you get 0 points on that Sim question Truth: Partial credit is given, so do as much as you can 5. Legend: You will fail the exam if you miss even one simulation question Truth: You can miss all available points on a sim question and still pass the exam 6. Legend: You should spend most of your time working on the simulations Truth: Sims do have greater weighting than one MC question, but do not spend most of your time—maybe 5 to 8 minutes BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1614378_04_2008_c2.scr

Other Legends and Truths 1. Legend: The test is adaptive, e.g., if you miss a RIP question, you’ll get more RIP questions Truth: The tests are not adaptive 2. Legend: My exam covered something not listed in the exam topics Truth 1: Exam Topics are “guidelines”; the exams may go beyond the exam topics, so you could see such a question Truth 2: More likely: the question was a sample item for possible future tests, and did not affect your score BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 33 Cisco Avoids These Questions … Those that require the memorization of command syntax or interface/menus “Trick questions” Version-dependent questions, e.g., configure Cisco IOS vs. Cisco Cat IOS Subnetting questions that are ambiguous regarding whether to use the 2s or 2s – 2 formula for the number of subnets BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1714378_04_2008_c2.scr

Time Budget BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 35 Time and Question Counts on the Exams The three exams state the following: ICND1: 90 minutes 50–60 questions ICND2: 75 minutes 45–55 questions CCNA: 90 minutes 50–60 questions You learn your exam’s question count as you begin the exam Look at the clock as you begin Sim and Simlet questions Short suggestion on time budget here. For more … Check the softcopy of this presentation, which includes more slides on time budgeting Check Wendell’s blog at www.nww.com/odom BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 36© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1814378_04_2008_c2.scr

Time Budget: Short Version You need a way to answer the question: Am I using too much time per question so far? Time consumers—Sim, Simlet, and Testlet questions— make the obvious math (actual-time/answered- questions vs. time-per-question) much less useful Just a suggestion: For each simlet/testlet/sim, add 5 to current question count Multiple by 1.2 That’s the number of minutes, or less, you should have taken so far It’s an estimate—don’t be slaved to it BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37 Time Budget Example CCNA Exam After question 10, you want to check time You’ve had one Sim question, no Simlets/Testlets Multiply 15 * 1.2 = 18 minutes If actual time <= 18 minutes, you’re doing fine on time BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1914378_04_2008_c2.scr

ICND1 Questions: Part 1 Basic Technology BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 39 Basic Technology Practice Item #1 Click and drag the unit of information on the left to the OSI Layer to which it best corresponds on the right. Not all apply. Packet Layer 1 Frame Layer 2 Bit Layer 3 Segment Layer 4 Record BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 40© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2014378_04_2008_c2.scr

Basic Technology Practice Item #1 Solution Click and drag the unit of information on the left to the OSI Layer to which it best corresponds on the right. Not all apply. Packet Layer 1 Frame Layer 2 Bit Layer 3 Segment Layer 4 Record BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 41 Basic Technology Practice Item #2 An application developer has an application which requires very fast packet delivery. Loss of occasional packets can be tolerated to accommodate the need for speed. Which Layer 4 protocol would be the best choice? TCP SNMP FTP UDP CDP BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 42© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2114378_04_2008_c2.scr

Basic Technology Practice Item #2 Solution D. UDP UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a communications protocol that offers a limited amount of service when messages are exchanged between computers in a network that uses the Internet Protocol (IP) UDP does not provide the service of dividing a message into packets (datagrams) and reassembling it at the other end Network applications that want to save processing time will prefer UDP to TCP; the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) uses UDP instead of TCP In the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) communication model, UDP, like TCP, is in Layer 4, the Transport Layer BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 43 Basic Technology Practice Item #3 Click and drag the attribute on the left to the Ethernet collision type that it describes on the right. Not all apply. Retransmits frame when damaged Routine Collisions Not normal in a well-design network Caused by excessive media latency May be normal network operation Shared media segment does not allow Late Collisions Before this, 64 bytes are transmitted Found often by full-duplex operation Intended jam signal corrupts frame BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 44© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2214378_04_2008_c2.scr

Basic Technology Practice Item #3 Solution On shared LAN segments (Hubs, half-duplex links), collisions happen due to CSMA/CD On full-duplex links (Two devices only, both using FDX), CSMA/CD is disabled, and collisions should not happen On shared segments that meet cabling length requirements, collisions occur within the first 64 bytes of a frame Late collisions occur after the first 64 bytes (512 bits) BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 45 Basic Technology Practice Item #3 Solution (Cont.) Retransmits frame when damaged Routine Collisions Not normal in a well-design network Caused by excessive media latency May be normal network operation Shared media segment does not allow Late Collisions Before this, 64 bytes are transmitted Found often by full-duplex operation Intended jam signal corrupts frame BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 46© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2314378_04_2008_c2.scr

ICND1 Questions: Part 2 IP Subnetting BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 47 IP Addressing Reference I Numeric values allowed in subnet masks, and the number of binary 1’s and 0’s: 0 00000000 128 10000000 192 11000000 224 11100000 240 11110000 248 11111000 252 11111100 254 11111110 255 11111111 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 48© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2414378_04_2008_c2.scr

IP Addressing Reference II Some masks and prefix lengths 255.255.0.0 /16 255.255.255.0 /24 255.255.128.0 /17 255.255.255.128 /25 255.255.192.0 /18 255.255.255.192 /26 255.255.224.0 /19 255.255.255.224 /27 255.255.240.0 /20 255.255.255.240 /28 255.255.248.0 /21 255.255.255.248 /29 255.255.252.0 /22 255.255.255.252 /30 255.255.254.0 /23 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 49 IP Addressing Practice Item #4 A small company has a Class C network address and needs to create 12 subnets, each accommodating 14 hosts Which subnet mask should be assigned? A. 255.255.255.128 B. 255.255.255.224 C. 255.255.255.240 D. 255.255.255.248 E. 255.255.255.252 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 50© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2514378_04_2008_c2.scr

IP Addressing Practice Item #4 Solution C. 255.255.255.240 Class C means 24 network bits Mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 means 4 host bits, leaving 4 subnet bits 4 subnet bits means 24 = 16 subnets (including subnet 0) 4 host bits means 24 - 2 = 14 hosts/subnet BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 51 IP Addressing Practice Item #5 A network manager wishes to assign static IP addresses to the servers in a network. For network 10.10.10.24/29, the router is assigned the first usable host address while the Gold server is assigned the last usable host address. Which IP configuration values should be assigned to the Gold server? A. IP address: 10.10.10.14 C. IP address: 10.10.10.254 Mask: 255.255.255.248 Mask: 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.9 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.1 B. IP address: 10.10.10.30 D. IP address: 10.10.10.30 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240 Mask: 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.17 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.25 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 52© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2614378_04_2008_c2.scr

Practice Item 5 Solution: Binary Network + Subnet Host Subnet mask = 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 Subnet Number = 00001010.00001010.00001010.00011000 First Address= 00001010.00001010.00001010.00011001 Last Address= 00001010.00001010.00001010.00011110 B’cast Address= 00001010.00001010.00001010.00011111 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 53 IP Addressing Practice Item #5 Solution D. IP address: 10.10.10.30 Mask: 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.25 Subnetwork address = 10.10.10.24 Broadcast address = 10.10.10.31 Router (Default Gateway) - first usable address = 10.10.10.25 Gold server gets last usable address = 10.10.10.30 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 54© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2714378_04_2008_c2.scr

Practice Item #5 Solution Decimal Mask of /29 is 255.255.255.248 All subnets with 255.255.255.248 mask are a multiple of 8 (256 – 248) in the 4th octet The subnet is 10.10.10.24, so next larger is 10.10.10.32 Broadcast address of the subnet is 1 less than next larger subnet number, in this case, 10.10.10.24’s B’cast is: 10.10.10.32 - 1 10.10.10.31 First usable is 10.10.10.24 + 1 = 10.10.10.25 Last usable is 10.10.10.31 – 1 = 10.10.10.30 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 55 Practice Item #5 Solution Decimal and Fast D. IP address: 10.10.10.30 Mask: 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 10.10.10.25 The question listed subnet 10.10.10.24 The first usable address is 10.10.10.24 + 1 = 10.10.10.25 The first usable address was to be used by the router Only one answer listed 10.10.10.25 as the default gateway, so only 1 answer could have been right! BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 56© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2814378_04_2008_c2.scr

IP Addressing Practice Item #6 Current configuration The British Navy has a router with a ! network IP address of 172.27.0.0/19. Version 12.0 service timestamps debug uptime The graphic reveals a partial service timestamps log uptime configuration. no service password encryption How many subnets and host ! hostname Royal addresses will be usable? ! A. 7 subnets, 30 host addresses ip subnet zero ! B. 7 subnets, 2046 host addresses ip classless C. 7 subnets, 8190 host addresses ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0/0 no ip http server D. 8 subnets, 30 host addresses ! E. 8 subnets, 2046 host addresses <output omitted> F. 8 subnets, 8190 host addresses BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 57 IP Addressing Practice Item #6 Solution F. 8 subnets, 8190 host addresses The ip subnet-zero global command allows that router to configure an IP address in a subnet zero ip subnet zero is the default as of version 12.0, but to avoid version dependent questions, it’s explicitly listed ip classless has nothing to do with the issue—it’s a distracter version 12.0 ! ip subnet zero ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial0/0 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 58© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2914378_04_2008_c2.scr

IP Addressing Practice Item #6 Solution (Cont.) 172.27.0.0 is a Class B Network, so 16 Network bits Mask /19 = 11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000 Network Bits Subnet Bits Host Bits 3 subnet bits: 23 = 8 subnets 13 host bits: 213 – 2 = 8192 – 2 = 8190 hosts/subnet BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 59 ICND1 Questions: Part 3 Miscellaneous BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 60© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3014378_04_2008_c2.scr

Routing Protocols Practice Item #7 Click and drag the feature on the left to the routing protocol that it uniquely belongs to on the right. Not all apply. A Route updates to 255.255.255.255 Administrative Distance = 90 RIPv2 B C Uses wildcard mask D Administrative Distance = 120 E Link-state OSPF F Classful G Hybrid H Distance Vector BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 61 Routing Protocols Practice Item #7 Solution RIPv1 RIPv2 OSPF EIGRP less/full classful classless classless classless Updates all 255’s 224.0.0.9 224.0.0.5, 6 224.0.0.10 AD 120 120 110 90 Type DV DV LS Hybrid Mask no no yes yes BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 62© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3114378_04_2008_c2.scr

Routing Protocols Practice Item #7 Solution A Route Updates to 255.255.255.255 Administrative Distance = 90 RIPv2 B C Uses Wildcard Mask D Administrative Distance = 120 E Link-State OSPF F Classful G Hybrid H Distance Vector BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 63 CDP Practice Item #8 You have disabled the Cisco Discovery Protocol Version 2 on your new Cisco IOS router. Your supervisor has decided that your router needs to use this protocol. Which command will you use? A. Router(config)#cdp run B. Router(config)#cdp advertise-v2 C. Router(config)#cdp advertise D. Router(config-if)#cdp enable E. Router(config-if)#cdp run BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 64© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3214378_04_2008_c2.scr

CDP Practice Item #8 Solution You have disabled the Cisco Discovery Protocol on your new Cisco IOS router. Your supervisor has decided that your router needs to use this protocol. Which command will you use? A. Router(config)#cdp run B. Router(config)#cdp advertise-v2 C. Router(config)#cdp advertise D. Router(config-if)#cdp enable E. Router(config-if)#cdp run BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 65 CDP Practice Item #8 Solution (Cont.) This question is purposefully a little ambiguous in order to make two points: 1) Answer D works. cdp enable in interface mode—it enables CDP on the interface. 2) Answer E also works (cdp run in interface mode)! Global commands issued in non-global modes work. Point 1 is a legitimate purposeful case of making you choose the best answer Point 2 is an example of am ambiguity that will be avoided for actual exam questions BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 66© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3314378_04_2008_c2.scr

ICND2 Questions: Part 1 IP Access Lists BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 67 Access Lists Practice Item #9 Figure Goals Allow HTTP access from the Internet to the Water Resources server Allow Telnet from the Internet to the Ore Production server All other traffic from the Internet should be blocked BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 68© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3414378_04_2008_c2.scr

Access Lists Practice Item #9 Refer to the figure. Which two access list statements applied to the s1 interface, inbound, of the Valley Forge router are necessary? (Choose two) A. access-list 101 permit tcp any 10.11.128.252 0.0.0.0 eq 80 B. access-list 1 permit tcp any 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 eq 23 C. access-list 101 deny tcp any 10.11.128.252 0.0.0.0 eq 80 D. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 any eq 23 E. access-list 101 deny tcp any 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 eq 23 F. access-list 101 permit tcp any 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 eq 23 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 69 Access Lists Practice Item #9 Solution A. access-list 101 permit tcp any 10.11.128.252 0.0.0.0 eq 80 (Goal 1) F. access-list 101 permit tcp any 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 eq 23 (Goal 2) Since there is no other access list statement an implicit Deny All fulfills Goal 3 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 70© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3514378_04_2008_c2.scr

Access Lists Practice Item #10 Goals—Same as Previous! Allow HTTP access from the Internet to the Water Resources server Allow Telnet from the Internet to the Ore Production server All other traffic from the Internet should be blocked BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 71 Access Lists Practice Item #10 Refer to the figure. Which two access list statements applied to the s1 interface, outbound, of the Valley Forge router are necessary? (Choose two) A. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.128.252 0.0.0.0 any eq 80 B. access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 23 C. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.128.252 0.0.0.0 any source-port 80 D. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 eq 23 any E. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.128.252 0.0.0.0 eq 80 any F. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 any eq 23 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 72© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3614378_04_2008_c2.scr

Access Lists Practice Item #10 Solution D. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.127.252 0.0.0.0 eq 23 any E. access-list 101 permit tcp 10.11.128.252 0.0.0.0 eq 80 any Packets going from the servers to the Internet have source ports of the well-known ports for HTTP (80) and Telnet (23) To check the source port, the port number operator/operand are after the source IP address, but before the destination IP address—it’s positional Since there is no other access list statement an implicit Deny All fulfills Goal 3 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 73 Access Lists Practice Item #11 Figure BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 74© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3714378_04_2008_c2.scr

Access Lists Practice Item #11 Refer to the graphic. Access-group 101 is applied to the E0 interface, inbound, of Arnold. Which two telnet sessions are blocked by this ACL? (Choose two) A. From host A to host 10.1.1.10 B. From host A to host 10.1.3.10 C. From host B to host 10.1.2.10 D. From host B to host 10.1.3.8 E. From host C to host 10.1.3.10 F. From host F to host 10.1.1.10 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 75 Access Lists Practice Item #11 Solution This ACL only blocks telnet sessions to network 10.1.3.0/24 and only from hosts A and B B. From host A to host 10.1.3.10 D. From host B to host 10.1.3.8 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 76© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3814378_04_2008_c2.scr

ICND1 Questions: Part 2 WAN Protocols BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 77 Frame Relay Practice Item #12 S0/1 S2 R2 R1 S1 S0/0 A network trace shows frames sent by R1 using DLCI 333 as they leave R1 towards Frame Relay switch S1. A network trace shows frames sent by R2 using DLCI 811 as the frames leave R2 towards switch S2. All these frames were sent over the PVC between the two routers. Which of the following are true about the expected output and parameters of the following commands on R1? A. show frame-relay pvc lists DLCI 811 B. show frame-relay pvc lists DLCI 333 C. The frame-relay map command, if configured, lists DLCI 811 D. The frame-relay interface-dlci command, if configured, lists DLCI 333 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 78© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3914378_04_2008_c2.scr

Frame Relay Practice Item #12 Solution (Cont.) Frame Relay DLCIs are local A router does not have knowledge of the DLCI used on the other end of the PVC All show and configuration commands will reference the local DLCI The Frame Relay network swaps the DLCIs as frames traverse the network BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 79 Frame Relay Practice Item #12 Solution S0/1 S2 R2 R1 S1 S0/0 A. show frame-relay pvc lists DLCI 811 B. show frame-relay pvc lists DLCI 333 C. The frame-relay map command, if configured, lists DLCI 811 D. The frame-relay interface-dlci command, if configured, lists DLCI 333 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 80© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4014378_04_2008_c2.scr

ICND1 Questions: Part 3 IP and Routing BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 81 IP Addressing Practice Item #13 A router has been configured for IPv6 on interface Fa0/0 as shown below. If the engineer issued a show ipv6 interface command, which of the following IPv6 addresses will be listed? A. 2345:1:2:3:400:FF:FE03:3 ipv6 unicast-routing ! B. 2345:1:2:3:600:FF:FE03:3 interface fa0/0 mac-address 0400.0003.0003 C. 2345:1:2:3:600:3:FFFE:3 ipv6 address 2345:1:2:3::/64 eui-64 D. FE80::400:FF:FE03:3 E. FE80::600:FF:FE03:3 F. FE80::600:3:FFFE:3 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 82© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4114378_04_2008_c2.scr

IPv6 Addressing Forming the 2nd Half with EUI-64 EUI-64 Format 1st ½ of MAC FFFE 2nd ½ of MAC Flip 7th bit (reading left-to-right) in first byte to a binary 1 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 83 IP Addressing Practice Item #13 MAC Address: 0040.0003.0003 0400 00 FFFE 03 0003 0000 0100 7th bit 0000 0110 0600 00 FFFE 03 0003 0600:00FF:FE03:0003 600:FF:FE03:3 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 84© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4214378_04_2008_c2.scr

IP Addressing Practice Item #13 The global unicast IP address will start with 2345:1:2:3 (per config) The Link Local begins FE80:: (octets 2, 3, 4 are 0’s) Both end with the 4 quartets of EUI as seen on the previous pages A. 2345:1:2:3:400:FF:FE03:3 ipv6 unicast-routing B. 2345:1:2:3:600:FF:FE03:3 ! interface fa0/0 C. 2345:1:2:3:600:3:FFFE:3 mac-address 0400.0003.0003 D. FE80::400:FF:FE03:3 ipv6 address 2345:1:2:3::/64 E. FE80::600:FF:FE03:3 F. FE80::600:3:FFFE:3 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 85 IP Addressing Practice Item #14 The output shown below lists all subnets in an internetwork. The engineer needs to add two subnets— one with a /30 mask, and one with a /23 mask. Which answers show the lowest subnet numbers that could be used without causing overlapping subnets? 172.16.1.0/24 A. 172.16.0.0/23 172.16.2.0/24 B. 172.16.8.0/23 172.16.3.0/24 172.16.4.0/22 C. 172.16.12.0/23 172.16.9.0/25 D. 172.16.0.0/30 172.16.10.8/30 E. 172.16.8.0/30 172.16.10.0/30 F. 172.16.10.4/30 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 86© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4314378_04_2008_c2.scr

IP Addressing Practice Item #14 Find the biggest (/23) subnet first! Calculate all subnets and ranges of addresses Compare to the current list of subnets, find the smallest that doesn’t overlap BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 87 IP Addressing Practice Item #14 172.16.0.0/23 With /23 (mask 255.255.254.0), subnets will 172.16.2.0/23 be increments of 2 (256 – 254) 172.16.4.0/23 in the 3rd octet 172.16.6.0/23 The range of addresses in each subnet begins with the 172.16.8.0/23 subnet number, and ends 1 172.16.10.0/23 number less than the next subnet number 172.16.12.0/23 e.g., 172.16.0.0 – 172.16.1.255 e.g., 172.16.2.0 – 172.16.3.255 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 88© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4414378_04_2008_c2.scr

IP Addressing Practice Item #14 172.16.0.0 – 172.16.1.255 172.16.1.0/24 172.16.2.0 – 172.16.3.255 172.16.2.0/24 172.16.4.0 – 172.16.5.255 172.16.3.0/24 172.16.6.0 – 172.16.7.255 172.16.4.0/22 172.16.8.0 – 172.16.9.255 172.16.9.0/25 172.16.10.0 – 172.16.11.255 172.16.10.8/30 172.16.12.0 – 172.16.13.255 172.16.10.0/30 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 89 IP Addressing Practice Item #14 The output shown below lists all subnets in an internetwork. The engineer needs to add two subnets— one with a /30 mask, and one with a /23 mask. Which answers show the lowest subnet numbers that could be used without causing overlapping subnets? 172.16.1.0/24 A. 172.16.0.0/23 172.16.2.0/24 B. 172.16.8.0/23 172.16.3.0/24 172.16.4.0/22 C. 172.16.12.0/23 172.16.9.0/25 D. 172.16.0.0/30 172.16.10.8/30 E. 172.16.8.0/30 172.16.10.0/30 F. 172.16.10.4/30 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 90© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4514378_04_2008_c2.scr

Summary Prepare Use the Many Resources Practice on Routers and Switches or Simulators Time Budget on Questions—Answer All of Them Don’t Be Intimidated by the Simulations Give Yourself a Time Budget When You Hit a Simulation Shows and Question Marks work Answer as Much as You Can BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 91 Recommended Reading Continue your Cisco Live learning experience with further reading from Cisco Press Check the Recommended Reading flyer for suggested books Available Onsite at the Cisco Company Store BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 92© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4614378_04_2008_c2.scr

Complete Your Online Session Evaluation Give us your feedback and you could win Don’t forget to activate fabulous prizes. Winners announced daily. your Cisco Live virtual account for access to Receive 20 Passport points for each session all session material evaluation you complete. on-demand and return for our live virtual event Complete your session evaluation online now in October 2008. (open a browser through our wireless network Go to the Collaboration to access our portal) or visit one of the Internet Zone in World of stations throughout the Convention Center. Solutions or visit www.cisco-live.com. BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 93 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 94© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4714378_04_2008_c2.scr

A Extra Slides—More Detail on the Time Budget BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 95 Time and Question Counts on the Exams The three exams state the following: ICND1: 90 minutes 50-60 questions ICND2: 75 minutes 45-55 questions CCNA: 90 minutes 50-60 questions You learn your exam’s question count as you begin the exam A Sim question counts as 1 A Testlet question counts as 1—regardless of number of actual questions inside the testlet A Simlet counts as 1—regardless of number of actual questions inside the Simlet BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 96© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4814378_04_2008_c2.scr

Time Budget You need a way to answer the question: Am I using too much time per question so far? Time consumers—Sim, Simlet, and Testlet questions—make the obvious math (actual-time/answered-questions versus time per question) much less useful An exam that happens to front-load time consumers can discourage and can be hard to estimate time To budget time during the actual exam … Normalize the question count to adjust for the three types of time consumers Use a process that takes just a few seconds to check your time budget Based on some discussion on Wendell Odom’s blog at www.nww.com/subnets/cisco BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 97 Calculating the Time Budget Suggestion: Count time consumers as 6 questions (by adding 5), and expect 1.2 minutes per adjusted “Question Equivalent” (QE): 1) Count the number of time consumers (Sim, Simlet, Testlet) you have already answered 2) To check time budget versus actual time, calculate the QE as follows: QE = questions-answered + 5 per time consumer e.g., after 20 questions, 2 of which were Sims: QE = 20 answered + 5 * 2 Sims = 30 3) Calculate time budget with either of the following: Time budget = 6 minutes for each 5 QE’s, Time budget = 1.2 * QE e.g., Time budget = 30 * 1.2 = 36 minutes BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 98© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4914378_04_2008_c2.scr

Checking Your Time Suggestions After calculating the QE and Time Budget (previous slide), compare budget to actual time: If actual time taken is less, you’re ahead of the game If actual time taken is more, you’re slow Don’t slave yourself to the number, and don’t psych yourself out if you’re slower—this is an estimate! One admitted problem with this process: It does provide a little too much time for each testlet/simlet Math is easiest after the number of questions is a multiple of 5: Even easier after multiples of 10 questions answered BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 99 Time Budget Example 1 CCNA Exam After question 10, you want to check time You’ve had 1 time consumer, so QE = 10 + 5 = 15 15 QE’s at 6 minutes / 5 QE is 18 minutes Actual time is 16 minutes – you’re 2 minutes ahead per your estimate! BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 100© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5014378_04_2008_c2.scr

Time Budget Example 1 CCNA Exam—55 questions, 90 minutes After question 10, you want an early read of time taken The exam timer’s on 19 minutes, and you’re starting to panic—seems like you’re way slow You’ve had 1 time consumer so far, so: QE = 10 + 1*5 = 15 6 minutes per 5 QE’s (or 15 * 1.2)—time budget is 18 minutes You’re only 1 minute behind of the time budget: Probably no need to speed up yet Check again in 10 questions, and if the gap widens, then pick up the pace BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 101 Time Budget Example 2 ICND1 Exam—48 questions, 75 minutes After question 25, you’re panicking—the timer’s on 47 minutes—23 questions left, and only 28 minutes! You’ve had 3 time consumers, so: QE = 25 + 3*5 = 40 6 minutes per 5 QE’s (or 40 * 1.2)— time budget is now 48 minutes You’re actually 1 minute ahead of the time budget!! BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 102© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5114378_04_2008_c2.scr

Reverse Engineering the Time Estimate Assume your CCNA exam tells you, before the start: 55 questions (it’ll be between 50-60) 90 minutes (standard set time) You’ll probably see 3-4 time consumers at most, so assume worst case of 4 for now For the whole exam, QE = 55 questions + 4*5 = 75 90 minutes / 75 QE’s = 1.2 minutes/QE = 1:12 per QE 1.2 minutes per QE with this process means: 1:12 per MC or D&D 6 * 1:12 = 7:12 minutes per Sim/Simlet/Testlet BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 103 B Extra Slides—Extra ICND1 Practice Questions BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 104© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5214378_04_2008_c2.scr

Basic Technology Practice Item #1 Click and Drag the item on the left to the layer 4 feature description that it belongs to on the right Breaking large data into smaller pieces that Port are of an appropriate size for sending the through the network Segmentation Initiates communication by establishing an initial sequence number and window size Window The amount of data that can be sent before an acknowledgement is required Three-Way Handshake Allows multiple communications to the same host BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 105 Basic Technology Practice Item #1 Solution Sending application asks TCP “send this 2 MB file” Segmentation TCP segments data into multiple segments, for example, 1460 bytes to fit into a 1500 byte IP packet TCP endpoints send 3 TCP segments Three-Way Handshake Process identifies port numbers and initializes the sequence number and window size The receiving host states the window size (bytes) Window The sending host limits itself to that many sent bytes before getting an ACK Identifies the specific software process on one host Port EG, two web browsers use two different ports (maybe more) BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 106© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5314378_04_2008_c2.scr

Basic Technology Practice Item #1 Solution (Cont.) Breaking large data into smaller pieces that Port are of an appropriate size for sending the through the network Segmentation Initiates communication by establishing an initial sequence number and window size Window The amount of data that can be sent before an acknowledgement is required Three-Way Handshake Allows multiple communications to the same host BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 107 Cisco IOS Commands Practice Item #2 Network users at Plum Currants are not able to access LAN resources that are connected to interface E0/1 on the PlumSpecial router. Which three commands will provide both the IP address being used by that router interface, as well as the Layer 1 and Layer 2 status of E0/1? (Choose three) A. PlumSpecial# show eigrp version B. PlumSpecial# show protocols C. PlumSpecial# show interfaces D. PlumSpecial# show controllers E. PlumSpecial# show ip interface F. PlumSpecial# show startup-config BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 108© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5414378_04_2008_c2.scr

Cisco IOS Commands Practice Item #2 Solution Network users at Plum Currants are not able to access LAN resources that are connected to interface E01 on the PlumSpecial router. Which three commands will provide both the IP address being used as well as the Layer 1 and Layer 2 status of E01? (Choose three) A. PlumSpecial# show eigrp version B. PlumSpecial# show protocols C. PlumSpecial# show interfaces D. PlumSpecial# show controllers E. PlumSpecial# show ip interface F. PlumSpecial# show startup-config BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 109 Cisco IOS Commands Practice Item #2 Solution (Cont.) PlumSpecial# show protocols <output omitted> Ethernet 0 is up, line protocol is up Internet address is 192.168.1.1, subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 <output omitted> XNS address is 2001.AA00.0400.06CC <output omitted> BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 110© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5514378_04_2008_c2.scr

Cisco IOS Commands Practice Item #2 Solution (Cont.) PlumSpecial# show interfaces serial 0 Serial1 is up, line protocol is up <output omitted> Internet address is 5.0.2.1/24 <output omitted> PlumSpecial# show ip interface Note: Some show Ethernet 0 is up, line protocol is up controllers IP address is 10.210.93.51 /16 arguments will show MTU 1500 bytes, BW 0 Mbps ip addresses, but the command by itself does not. BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 111 Security Practice Item #3 Click and drag the security concern on the left to the organizational category that it belongs to on the right Adversaries Competitors DoS Insider Hacker Motivations Distribution Intelligence Disgruntled Employees Classes of Attack BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 112© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5614378_04_2008_c2.scr

Security Practice Item #3 Solution Click and drag the security concern on the left to the organizational category that it belongs to on the right Adversaries Competitors Disgruntled Employees Hacker Motivations DoS Intelligence Classes of Attack Insider Distribution BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 113 Security Practice Item #3 Solution (Cont.) To defend against attacks on information systems, organizations must define the threat in these three terms: BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 114© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5714378_04_2008_c2.scr

Security Practice Item #4 Figure BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 115 Security Practice Item #4 Refer to the figure. Which option correctly describes the design steps that an organization will continuously cycle through to verify the security of the network A. Secure, Monitor, Test, Improve B. Monitor, Test, Secure, Improve C. Detect, Audit, Validate, Implement D. Audit, Detect, Implement, Validate E. Firewall, Encrypt, Authenticate, Patch F. Authenticate, Encrypt, Firewall, Patch BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 116© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5814378_04_2008_c2.scr

Security Practice Item #4 Solution A. Secure, Monitor, Test, Improve BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 117 Cisco IOS Commands Practice Item #5 Figure BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 118© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5914378_04_2008_c2.scr

Cisco IOS Commands Practice Item #5 Refer to the exhibit. The router RWV needs a static route to the 12.10.9.0/24 network. The network manager wants RWV to see this static route as the most reliable route. Which command will achieve this result? A. RWV(config)# ip route 12.10.9.0 0.0.0.255 fa0/0 B. RWV(config)# ip route 12.10.9.0 0.0.0.255 12.10.7.9 C. RWV(config)# ip route 12.10.9.0 255.255.255.0 fa0/0 D. RWV(config)# ip route 12.10.9.0 255.255.255.0 12.10.9.11 E. RWV(config)# ip route 12.10.7.9 0.0.0.255 12.10.9.0 F. RWV(config)# ip route 12.10.7.9 255.255.255.0 12.10.9.0 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 119 Cisco IOS Commands Practice Item #5 Solution C. RWV(config)# ip route 12.10.9.0 255.255.255.0 fa0/0 A static route’s administrative distance can be set with a parameter on the end of the command—for example, ip route 12.10.9.0 255.255.255.0 12.10.9.10 23 By default, the AD is: 0 for Static routes with an outgoing interface 1 for Static routes with a next-hop IP address A lower AD might be described as “reliable”, “believable”, “better”, or other words BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 120© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 6014378_04_2008_c2.scr

C Extra Slides—Extra ICND2 Practice Questions BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 121 Spanning Tree Practice Item #6 What is the default method of determining Spanning Tree cost? A. Total hop count B. Sum of the costs C. Dynamically determined based on load D. Individual link cost based on latency BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 122© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 6114378_04_2008_c2.scr

Spanning Tree Practice Item #6 Solution What is the default method of determining Spanning Tree cost? A. Total hop count B. Sum of the costs based on bandwidth C. Dynamically determined based on load D. Individual link cost based on latency BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 123 Spanning Tree Practice Item #6 Solution (Cont.) In Spanning Tree a cost value is given to each port; according Bandwidth STP Cost Value to the original specification, 4 Mbps 250 port cost is calculated based 10 Mbps 100 on a bandwidth of 1000 Mbps; the port cost is 1000 Mbps 16 Mbps 62 divided by the link bandwidth 45 Mbps 39 To compensate for the speed 100 Mbps 19 of networks faster than gigabit, 155 Mbps 14 the standard cost has been modified as the table shows 622 Mbps 6 1 Gbps 4 10 Gbps 2 Note: The Path Cost Can Be an Arbitrary Value Assigned by the Network Administrator, Instead of One of the Standard Cost Values BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 124© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 6214378_04_2008_c2.scr

Spanning Tree Practice Item #7 Which switch will be the Spanning Tree Root Bridge for a network which contains only these four devices? A. Princeton#show spanning-tree Spanning tree 1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree Protocol Bridge Identifier has priority 4096, address f176.dec4.bf13 Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15 B. Brandywine#show spanning-tree Spanning tree 1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree Protocol Bridge Identifier has priority 32678, address f176.dec4.cc13 Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15 C. Germantown#show spanning-tree Spanning tree 1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree Protocol Bridge Identifier has priority 16384 address f176.dec4.cc04 Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15 D. Trenton#show spanning-tree Spanning tree 1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree Protocol Bridge Identifier has priority 4096, address f176.dec4.bf50 Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 125 Spanning Tree Practice Item #7 Solution The first step in the Spanning Tree process is for all nodes on the network to elect a Root Bridge. Bridge/switch with the lowest Bridge-ID wins Bridge-ID formed by combining Priority with a MAC address Answer A’s switch has slightly lower value A. Princeton#show spanning-tree Spanning tree 1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree Protocol Bridge Identifier has priority 4096, address f176.dec4.bf13 Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15 D. Trenton#show spanning-tree Spanning tree 1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree Protocol Bridge Identifier has priority 4096, address f176.dec4.bf50 Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15 BRKCRT-1101 14378_04_2008_c2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 126© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 6314378_04_2008_c2.scr

Ccna prep from networkers

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Ccna prep from networkers Document Transcript