Why doesn't my 1602A LCD display text with this code?

Question

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include <Servo.h>

#define RST_PIN 9 // Configurable, see typical pin layout above
#define SS_PIN 10 // Configurable, see typical pin layout above

MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // Create MFRC522 instance.
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo

String read_rfid;
String ok_rfid_1 = "6722323b";
String ok_rfid_2 = "99be859e";
int posClosed = 180; // variable to store the servo position for locked
int posOpen = 0; //same for open...

/*
  Initialize.
*/
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communications with the PC
  while (!Serial); // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4)
  SPI.begin(); // Init SPI bus
  mfrc522.PCD_Init(); // Init MFRC522 card
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print("Scan your card:");
  Serial.println("Scan your card:");
  //Choose which lock below:
  myservo.attach(7); // attaches the servo on pin 7 to the servo object
}

/*
  Helper routine to dump a byte array as hex values to Serial.
*/
void dump_byte_array(byte *buffer, byte bufferSize) {
  read_rfid = "";
  for (byte i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++) {
    read_rfid = read_rfid + String(buffer[i], HEX);
  }
}

void open_lock() {
  //Use this routine when working with Servos.
  lcd.print("Servo Unlocking");
  myservo.write(posOpen);
  Serial.println("Servo Unlocking");
  delay(10000);
  myservo.write(posClosed);
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print("Servo Locking");
  Serial.println("Servo Locking");
}

void loop() {
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print("test");
  // Look for new cards
  if (!mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
    return;
  // Select one of the cards
  if (!mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
    return;
  dump_byte_array(mfrc522.uid.uidByte, mfrc522.uid.size);
  if (read_rfid == ok_rfid_1) {
    open_lock();
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print(read_rfid + " (FRED FARMER)" + " -Access Granted");
    Serial.println(read_rfid + " (FRED FARMER)" + " -Access Granted");
    delay(10000);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Scan a card:");
    Serial.println("Scan a card:");
  }
  if (read_rfid == ok_rfid_2) {
    open_lock();
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print(read_rfid + " (JOHN DOE) " + " -Access Granted");
    Serial.println(read_rfid + " (JOHN DOE) " + " -Access Granted");
    delay(10000);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Scan a card:");
    Serial.println("Scan a card:");
  } else {
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print(read_rfid + " -Access Denied");
    Serial.println(read_rfid + " -Access Denied");
    delay(10000);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Scan your card:");
    Serial.println("Scan your card:");
  }
}

I have tried running the Arduino library's "Hello World" example, and it successfully runs the text onto the screen. Therefore I have determined that it is not a hardware problem, rather a code problem. It occasionally does display "ff" on the LCD, but that's it.

Answer 1

Pins number 12, 11 are used by some other library in your code. And that's the reason there is no LCD output. Change pins/connections from 12, 11 to 7, 6.

Then your code uses lcd.clear() too often, so whatever data you display vanishes before you were able to read. Don't clear the display unnecessarily.