i'm not sure, but simple mistake in this place ($f instead $func):
<?php
$func = array("Foo", "bar");
$func(); // prints "bar"
$f = array(new Foo, "baz");
$func(); // prints "baz"
$f = "Foo::bar";
$func(); // prints "bar" as of PHP 7.0.0; prior, it raised a fatal error
?>
가변 함수
PHP는 가변 함수에 대한 개념을 지원한다. 이 용어의 의미는 어떤 변수 뒤에 괄호가 따라온다면, PHP는 그 변수의 값을 갖는 함수를 찾아서 실행하려 할것이란 것이다. 이런 개념은 이기능 외에도 콜백과 함수 테이블 등등을 구현할수 있게 해준다.
가변 함수는 echo, print, unset(), isset(), empty(), include, require와 같은 언어 구조와 함께 작동하지 않을것이다. 래퍼 함수를 사용해서 이러한 구조를 가변 함수로 이용할 수 있습니다.
Example #1 가변 변수 사용예
<?php
function foo() {
echo "foo() 안입니다.<br />\n";
}
function bar($arg = '')
{
echo "bar() 안입니다; 인수는 '$arg'입니다.<br />\n";
}
// echo를 감싸는 래퍼 함수입니다.
function echoit($string)
{
echo $string;
}
$func = 'foo';
$func(); // foo()를 호출합니다.
$func = 'bar';
$func('test'); // bar()를 호출합니다.
$func = 'echoit';
$func('test'); // echoit()을 호출합니다.
?>
객체 메쏘드도 가변 함수 구문으로 호출할 수 있습니다.
Example #2 가변 메쏘드 사용예
<?php
class Foo
{
function Variable()
{
$name = 'Bar';
$this->$name(); // Bar() 메쏘드를 호출합니다.
}
function Bar()
{
echo "This is Bar";
}
}
$foo = new Foo();
$funcname = "Variable";
$foo->$funcname(); // $foo->Var()를 호출합니다.
?>
When calling static methods, the function call is stronger than the static property operator:
Example #3 Variable method example with static properties
<?php
class Foo
{
static $variable = 'static property';
static function Variable()
{
echo 'Method Variable called';
}
}
echo Foo::$variable; // This prints 'static property'. It does need a $variable in this scope.
$variable = "Variable";
Foo::$variable(); // This calls $foo->Variable() reading $variable in this scope.
?>
As of PHP 5.4.0, you can call any callable stored in a variable.
Example #4 Complex callables
class Foo
{
static function bar()
{
echo "bar\n";
}
function baz()
{
echo "baz\n";
}
}
$func = array("Foo", "bar");
$func(); // prints "bar"
$f = array(new Foo, "baz");
$func(); // prints "baz"
$f = "Foo::bar";
$func(); // prints "bar" as of PHP 7.0.0; prior, it raised a fatal error
또 is_callable(), call_user_func(), variable variables, function_exists()섹션을 참고
변경점
| 버전 | 설명 |
|---|---|
| 7.0.0 | 'ClassName::methodName' is allowed as variable function. |
| 5.4.0 | Arrays, which are valid callables, are allowed as variable functions. |
add a note
User Contributed Notes 11 notes
Anonymous ¶
1 year ago
josh at joshstroup dot xyz ¶
5 months ago
A small, but helpful note. If you are trying to call a static function from a different namespace, you must use the fully qualified namespace, even if they have the same top level namespace(s). For example if you have the following class to call:
<?php
namespace Project\TestClass;
class Test {
static function funcToCall() {
return "test";
}
}
?>
You must call it as:
<?php
namespace Project\OtherTestClass;
class OtherTest {
static function callOtherFunc() {
$func = '\Project\TestClass::funcToCall';
$func();
}
}
?>
and not:
<?php
class OtherTest {
static function callOtherFunc() {
$func = 'TestClass::funcToCall';
$func();
}
}
?>
Anonymous ¶
5 years ago
$ wget http://www.php.net/get/php_manual_en.tar.gz/from/a/mirror
$ grep -l "\$\.\.\." php-chunked-xhtml/function.*.html
List of functions that accept variable arguments.
<?php
array_diff_assoc()
array_diff_key()
array_diff_uassoc()
array()
array_intersect_ukey()
array_map()
array_merge()
array_merge_recursive()
array_multisort()
array_push()
array_replace()
array_replace_recursive()
array_unshift()
call_user_func()
call_user_method()
compact()
dba_open()
dba_popen()
echo()
forward_static_call()
fprintf()
fscanf()
httprequestpool_construct()
ibase_execute()
ibase_set_event_handler()
ibase_wait_event()
isset()
list()
maxdb_stmt_bind_param()
maxdb_stmt_bind_result()
mb_convert_variables()
newt_checkbox_tree_add_item()
newt_grid_h_close_stacked()
newt_grid_h_stacked()
newt_grid_v_close_stacked()
newt_grid_v_stacked()
newt_win_choice()
newt_win_entries()
newt_win_menu()
newt_win_message()
newt_win_ternary()
pack()
printf()
register_shutdown_function()
register_tick_function()
session_register()
setlocale()
sprintf()
sscanf()
unset()
var_dump()
w32api_deftype()
w32api_init_dtype()
w32api_invoke_function()
wddx_add_vars()
wddx_serialize_vars()
?>
Lenix ¶
2 months ago
A Variable method example:
<?php
class hello
{
private $funcname='myfunc';
public function run()
{
$var=$this->funcname;
$this->$var();
}
public function myfunc()
{
echo "Hello World！";
}
}
$run=new hello();
$run->run();
?>
ian at NO_SPAM dot verteron dot net ¶
13 years ago
A good method to pass around variables containing function names within some class is to use the same method as the developers use in preg_replace_callback - with arrays containing an instance of the class and the function name itself.
function call_within_an_object($fun)
{
if(is_array($fun))
{
/* call a function within an object */
$fun[0]->{$fun[1]}();
}
else
{
/* call some other function */
$fun();
}
}
function some_other_fun()
{
/* code */
}
class x
{
function fun($value)
{
/* some code */
}
}
$x = new x();
/* the following line calls $x->fun() */
call_within_an_object(Array($x, 'fun'));
/* the following line calls some_other_fun() */
call_within_an_object('some_other_fun');
madeinlisboa at yahoo dot com ¶
14 years ago
Finally, a very easy way to call a variable method in a class:
Example of a class:
class Print() {
var $mPrintFunction;
function Print($where_to) {
$this->mPrintFunction = "PrintTo$where_to";
}
function PrintToScreen($content) {
echo $content;
}
function PrintToFile($content) {
fputs ($file, $contents);
}
.. .. ..
// first, function name is parsed, then function is called
$this->{$this->mPrintFunction}("something to print");
}
boards at gmail dot com ¶
10 years ago
If you want to call a static function (PHP5) in a variable method:
Make an array of two entries where the 0th entry is the name of the class to be invoked ('self' and 'parent' work as well) and the 1st entry is the name of the function. Basically, a 'callback' variable is either a string (the name of the function) or an array (0 => 'className', 1 => 'functionName').
Then, to call that function, you can use either call_user_func() or call_user_func_array(). Examples:
<?php
class A {
protected $a;
protected $c;
function __construct() {
$this->a = array('self', 'a');
$this->c = array('self', 'c');
}
static function a($name, &$value) {
echo $name,' => ',$value++,"\n";
}
function b($name, &$value) {
call_user_func_array($this->a, array($name, &$value));
}
static function c($str) {
echo $str,"\n";
}
function d() {
call_user_func_array($this->c, func_get_args());
}
function e() {
call_user_func($this->c, func_get_arg(0));
}
}
class B extends A {
function __construct() {
$this->a = array('parent', 'a');
$this->c = array('self', 'c');
}
static function c() {
print_r(func_get_args());
}
function d() {
call_user_func_array($this->c, func_get_args());
}
function e() {
call_user_func($this->c, func_get_args());
}
}
$a =& new A;
$b =& new B;
$i = 0;
A::a('index', $i);
$a->b('index', $i);
$a->c('string');
$a->d('string');
$a->e('string');
# etc.
?>
msmith at pmcc dot com ¶
14 years ago
Try the call_user_func() function. I find it's a bit simpler to implement, and at very least makes your code a bit more readable... much more readable and simpler to research for someone who isn't familiar with this construct.
Storm ¶
11 years ago
This can quite useful for a dynamic database class:
(Note: This just a simplified section)
<?php
class db {
private $host = 'localhost';
private $user = 'username';
private $pass = 'password';
private $type = 'mysqli';
public $lid = 0;
// Connection function
function connect() {
$connect = $this->type.'_connect';
if (!$this->lid = $connect($this->host, $this->user, $this->pass)) {
die('Unable to connect.');
}
}
}
$db = new db;
$db->connect();
?>
Much easier than having multiple database classes or even extending a base class.
AnonymousPoster at disposeamail dot com ¶
6 years ago
Variable functions allows higher-order programming.
Here is the classical map example.
<?php
/*
* Map function. At each $element of the $list, calls $fun([$arg1,[$arg2,[...,]],$element,$accumulator),
* stores the return value into $accumulator for the next loop. Returns the last return value of the function,
*
* Notes : uses call_user_func_array() so passing parameters doesn't depend on $fun signature
* It also returns FALSE upon error.
* Please check the php documentation for more information
*/
function map($fun, $list,$params=array()){
$acc=NULL;
$last=array_push($params, NULL,$acc)-1; // alloc $element and $acc at the end
foreach($list as $params[$last-1]){
$params[$last]=call_user_func_array($fun , $params );
}
$acc=array_pop($params);
return $acc;
}
function add($element,$acc){ // maybe only with multi-length function
if ($acc == NULL);
return $acc=$element+$acc;
}
$result=0;
$result=addTo($result,1);
$result=addTo($result,2);
$result=addTo($result,3);
echo "result = $result\n";
$result=0;
$result=map('addTo',array(1,2,3));
echo "result= $result\n";
?>
imurnane at internode on net ¶
5 years ago
Create and call a dynamically named function
<?php
$tmp = "foo";
$$tmp = function() {
global $tmp;
echo $tmp;
};
$$tmp();
?>
Outputs "foo"
