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Function template

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C++
 
Lenguaje C++
Los temas generales
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General topics
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Control de flujo
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Flow control
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Sentencias condicionales ejecución
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Conditional execution statements
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Instrucciones de iteración
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Iteration statements
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Ir declaraciones
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Jump statements
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Funciones
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Functions
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declaración de la función
lambda declaración de la función
función de plantilla
especificador inline
especificaciones de excepción (obsoleto)
noexcept especificador (C++11)
Excepciones
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Exceptions
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Los espacios de nombres
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Namespaces
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Tipos
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Types
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decltype specifier (C++11)
Los especificadores
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Specifiers
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cv especificadores
almacenamiento duración especificadores
constexpr especificador (C++11)
auto especificador (C++11)
alignas especificador (C++11)
Inicialización
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Initialization
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Los literales
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Literals
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Expresiones
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Expressions
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representaciones alternativas
Utilidades
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Utilities
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Tipos
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Types
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typedef declaration
alias de tipo de declaración (C++11)
atributos (C++11)
Lanza
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Casts
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conversiones implícitas
const_cast conversion
static_cast conversion
dynamic_cast conversion
reinterpret_cast conversion
C-cast estilo y funcional
De asignación de memoria
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Memory allocation
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Clases
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Classes
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Clase propiedades específicas de la función
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Class-specific function properties
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Funciones especiales miembro
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Special member functions
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Plantillas
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Templates
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clase de plantilla
función de plantilla
plantilla de especialización
paquetes de parámetros (C++11)
Varios
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Miscellaneous
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Montaje en línea
 

Contenido

[editar] Descripción

Las plantillas permiten diseño función genérica que funcionen en varios tipos, sin la necesidad de volver a escribir varias veces
Original:
Templates allow generic function design that work on various types, without the need of rewriting it multiple times
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[editar] Sintaxis

[editar] Declaración

template < template_arguments > function_declaration (1)
export template < template_arguments > function_declaration (2) (hasta C++11)
# Template declaración de la función Error en la cita: Etiqueta de apertura <ref> sin su correspondiente cierre </ref>
Original:
{{{2}}}
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# Exportados declaración de plantilla de función. El cuerpo de la función se puede definir en un archivo separado Error en la cita: Etiqueta de apertura <ref> sin su correspondiente cierre </ref>
Original:
{{{2}}}
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[editar] Argumentos

class identifier (1)
typename identifier (2)
integral_type identifier (3)
class identifier = type_name (4) (desde C++11)
typename identifier = type_name (5) (desde C++11)
integral_type identifier = const_expr (6) (desde C++11)
1-2)
Dentro de la función identifier se puede utilizar como un tipo
Original:
Inside the function identifier can be used as a type
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3)
Dentro de la función identifier se puede utilizar como una constante
Original:
Inside the function identifier can be used as a constant
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4-6)
Los argumentos predeterminados
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Default arguments
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[editar] Especialización

This section is incomplete
Reason: partial specialization
template <> ret function_name < template_args > ( func_args ) body
Especialización cambia la aplicación de la función de plantilla para los parámetros de plantilla específicos
Original:
Specialization changes the implementation of the template function for specific template parameters
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[editar] Llamar

function_name < template_args > ( func_args ) (1)
function_name ( unambiguous_func_args ) (2)
Argumentos de plantilla # explícitos, si func_args no coinciden perfectamente con los tipos como en la declaración de plantilla (con la template_args dada) la colada habitual se producirá
Original:
# Explicit template arguments, if func_args don't match perfectly with the types as in the template declaration (with the given template_args) the usual casting will occur
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# Implícitos argumentos de plantilla, se deducen de los argumentos de la función. No ambigüedad puede estar presente
Original:
# Implicit template arguments, deduced from the function arguments. No ambiguity can be present
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This section is incomplete
Reason: better explanation/example

[editar] Ejemplo

This section is incomplete
[edit]
template<typename T>
struct S {
    template<typename U> void foo(){}
};
 
template<typename T>
void bar()
{
    S<T>s;
    s.foo<T>(); // error: < parsed as less than operator
    s.template foo<T>(); // OK
}


[editar] Vea también

[editar] Notas

Original:
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Obtenido de «http://es.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/function_template&oldid=27370»