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up vote 2 down vote favorite

I have a file with text as 

Afghanistan=+93
Albania=+355
Algeria=+213
American Samoa=+1
Andorra=+376
Angola=+244

It has all the country list and its dialing code.

I want to replace:

Afghanistan=+93 with Afghanistan(+93)=+93

I can get the selection pattern as =\+[0-9]*, but what will be replacement pattern string?

I know of \1 that is the captured match for selection but it don't seem to work for sed. So the regex needs to have selection.

How can I do that using sed or any other unix tools?

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4 Answers 4

up vote 8 down vote accepted 
sed 's/=\(+[0-9]\{1,3\}\)/(\1)=\1/'

To address your problem (as I understood):

Patterns that need to be memorized in sed are to be enclosed in parentheses - their appearance defines their index number. E.g.:

sed 's/\(<memorized_pattern_1>\)<not_memorized>\(<memorized_pattern_2>\)/\2\1/'

would swap patterns 1 and 2 and delete the middle one.

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Thanks it worked. Key i was missing was to put memorized pattern in parentheses. –  Javanator Jul 17 at 8:51
up vote 3 down vote 
sed 's/=\([^= ]*\) *$/(\1)&/' <in >out

The above will just replace the last equals sign on a line and all characters which follow first with...

  1. A copy of those that follow and which are not space surrounded by two parens (in case there are any trailing spaces on a line)

  2. The whole matched pattern all over again.

On the right-hand-side (the replacement field of the s///ubstitution) \1 represents the first \( grouped capture \) and & represents the entire matched pattern as a group. And so...

sed 's/=\([^= ]*\) *$/(\1)&/' <<\IN
    Afghanistan=+93
    Albania=+355
    Algeria=+213
    American Samoa=+1
    Andorra=+376
    Angola=+244
IN

    Afghanistan(+93)=+93
    Albania(+355)=+355
    Algeria(+213)=+213
    American Samoa(+1)=+1
    Andorra(+376)=+376
    Angola(+244)=+244
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Thanks for the answer –  Javanator Jul 17 at 9:09
up vote 3 down vote

Use that:

sed 's/=\(+[0-9]\+\)/(\1)=\1/' file

It searches for =+ followed by at least one digit ([0-9]\+) and replaces all with the desired format ((\1)=\1).

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Thanks for the answer –  Javanator Jul 17 at 9:09
up vote 2 down vote

Suppose all the data is there in a file named as file, then

     awk -F "=" '{print $1"("$2")="$2}' file
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Thanks for the answer –  Javanator Jul 17 at 9:09

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