[edit] Last updated: Fri, 18 Jan 2013

MySQL Functions (PDO_MYSQL)

Introduction

PDO_MYSQL is a driver that implements the PHP Data Objects (PDO) interface to enable access from PHP to MySQL 3.x, 4.x and 5.x databases.

PDO_MYSQL will take advantage of native prepared statement support present in MySQL 4.1 and higher. If you're using an older version of the mysql client libraries, PDO will emulate them for you.

Warning

Beware: Some MySQL table types (storage engines) do not support transactions. When writing transactional database code using a table type that does not support transactions, MySQL will pretend that a transaction was initiated successfully. In addition, any DDL queries issued will implicitly commit any pending transactions.

Installation

Use --with-pdo-mysql[=DIR] to install the PDO MySQL extension, where the optional [=DIR] is the MySQL base install directory. If mysqlnd is passed as [=DIR], then the MySQL native driver will be used.

Optionally, the --with-mysql-sock[=DIR] sets to location to the MySQL unix socket pointer for all MySQL extensions, including PDO_MYSQL. If unspecified, the default locations are searched.

Optionally, the --with-zlib-dir[=DIR] is used to set the path to the libz install prefix.

$ ./configure --with-pdo-mysql --with-mysql-sock=/var/mysql/mysql.sock

SSL support is enabled using the appropriate PDO_MySQL constants, which is equivalent to calling the » MySQL C API function mysql_ssl_set(). Also, SSL cannot be enabled with PDO::setAttribute because the connection already exists. See also the MySQL documentation about » connecting to MySQL with SSL.

**Changelog**
Version	Description
5.4.0	MySQL client libraries 4.1 and below are no longer supported.
5.3.9	Added SSL support with mysqlnd and OpenSSL.
5.3.7	Added SSL support with libmysql and OpenSSL.

Predefined Constants

The constants below are defined by this driver, and will only be available when the extension has been either compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime. In addition, these driver-specific constants should only be used if you are using this driver. Using driver-specific attributes with another driver may result in unexpected behaviour. PDO::getAttribute() may be used to obtain the PDO_ATTR_DRIVER_NAME attribute to check the driver, if your code can run against multiple drivers.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY (integer)

If this attribute is set to TRUE on a PDOStatement, the MySQL driver will use the buffered versions of the MySQL API. If you're writing portable code, you should use PDOStatement::fetchAll() instead.

Example #1 Forcing queries to be buffered in mysql


<?php
if ($db->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_DRIVER_NAME) == 'mysql') {
    $stmt = $db->prepare('select * from foo',
        array(PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY => true));
} else {
    die("my application only works with mysql; I should use \$stmt->fetchAll() instead");
}
?>

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_LOCAL_INFILE (integer)

Enable LOAD LOCAL INFILE.

Note, this constant can only be used in the driver_options array when constructing a new database handle.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND (integer)

Command to execute when connecting to the MySQL server. Will automatically be re-executed when reconnecting.

Note, this constant can only be used in the driver_options array when constructing a new database handle.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_READ_DEFAULT_FILE (integer)

Read options from the named option file instead of from my.cnf. This option is not available if mysqlnd is used, because mysqlnd does not read the mysql configuration files.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_READ_DEFAULT_GROUP (integer)

Read options from the named group from my.cnf or the file specified with MYSQL_READ_DEFAULT_FILE. This option is not available if mysqlnd is used, because mysqlnd does not read the mysql configuration files.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE (integer)

Maximum buffer size. Defaults to 1 MiB. This constant is not supported when compiled against mysqlnd.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_DIRECT_QUERY (integer)

Perform direct queries, don't use prepared statements.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_FOUND_ROWS (integer)

Return the number of found (matched) rows, not the number of changed rows.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_IGNORE_SPACE (integer)

Permit spaces after function names. Makes all functions names reserved words.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS (integer)

Enable network communication compression. This is not supported when compiled against mysqlnd.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA (integer)

The file path to the SSL certificate authority.

This exists as of PHP 5.3.7.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH (integer)

The file path to the directory that contains the trusted SSL CA certificates, which are stored in PEM format.

This exists as of PHP 5.3.7.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT (integer)

The file path to the SSL certificate.

This exists as of PHP 5.3.7.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_CIPHER (integer)

A list of one or more permissible ciphers to use for SSL encryption, in a format understood by OpenSSL. For example: DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-SHA

This exists as of PHP 5.3.7.

PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_KEY (integer)

The file path to the SSL key.

This exists as of PHP 5.3.7.

Runtime Configuration

The behaviour of these functions is affected by settings in php.ini.

**PDO_MYSQL Configuration Options**
Name	Default	Changeable
pdo_mysql.default_socket	"/tmp/mysql.sock"	PHP_INI_SYSTEM
pdo_mysql.debug	NULL	PHP_INI_SYSTEM

For further details and definitions of the PHP_INI_* modes, see the Where a configuration setting may be set.

Here's a short explanation of the configuration directives.

pdo_mysql.default_socket string: Sets a Unix domain socket. This value can either be set at compile time if a domain socket is found at configure. This ini setting is Unix only.
pdo_mysql.debug boolean: Enables debugging for PDO_MYSQL. This setting is only available when PDO_MYSQL is compiled against mysqlnd and in PDO debug mode.

PDO_MYSQL DSN — Connecting to MySQL databases

PDO_MYSQL DSN

PDO_INFORMIX DSN

[edit] Last updated: Fri, 18 Jan 2013

add a note User Contributed Notes MySQL (PDO) - [11 notes]

down

david at manifestwebdesign dot com ¶

1 year ago


The SSL options are silently ignored in PHP 5.3.8, see https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=55870

Looks like it's addressed upstream, I just want to save others the hour and a half I just wasted :)

down

curt at webmasterbond dot com ¶

1 year ago


Today's PHP snapshot now has SSL support for PDO. Follow the directions here ( http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/secure-create-certs.html ) to set up MySQL and then use the following connection options:



<?php

$pdo = new PDO(

    'mysql:host=hostname;dbname=ssldb',

    'username',

    'password',

    array(

        PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY    =>'/path/to/client-key.pem',

        PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT=>'/path/to/client-cert.pem',

        PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA    =>'/path/to/ca-cert.pem'

    )

);

?>

down

brian at diamondsea dot com ¶

4 years ago


SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 2014 Cannot execute queries while other unbuffered queries are active. ...



After spending hours trying to track down why we were getting this error on a new server, after the same code ran fine on other servers, we found the problem to be an old MySQL _client_ library running on our web server, and a latest-version MySQL _server_ running on the database server's box.



Upgraded the MySQL client on the web server to the current revision and the problem went away.

down

konrads dot smelkovs at gmail dot com ¶

5 years ago


A note for the eager:

There is no way how to get returned row count from an executed prepared statement without fetching the rows.

down

davey at php dot net ¶

5 years ago


To use "PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY" you should call

PDO::setAttribute("PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY", true);



It will not work when passed into PDO::prepare()



- Davey

down

dibakar at talash dot net ¶

6 years ago


PDO is much better option for calling procedures, views or triggers of mysql 5.x versions from PHP instead of using mysqli extension. Following is a simple demo script which can  help anybody on how to call and use mysql procedures through php



try {

        $dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=xxx;port=xxx;dbname=xxx', 'xxx', 'xxx', array( PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => false));



        $stmt = $dbh->prepare("CALL getname()");



        // call the stored procedure

        $stmt->execute();



        echo "<B>outputting...</B><BR>";

        while ($rs = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_OBJ)) {

            echo "output: ".$rs->name."<BR>";

        }

        echo "<BR><B>".date("r")."</B>";

    

    } catch (PDOException $e) {

        print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br/>";

        die();

    }

down

miller_kurt_e at yahoo dot com ¶

4 years ago


SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 2014 Cannot execute queries while other unbuffered queries are active. ...





This one can be a royal pain to deal with.  Never stack statements to be executed in one go.  Nobody ever mentions this possibility in all the posts I've seen dealing with this error.





This example is a Zend Framework example but the theory is the same.





As in:





<?php


$sql = <<<____SQL


     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `ticket_hist` (


       `tid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `trqform` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `trsform` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `tgen` datetime NOT NULL,


       `tterm` datetime,


       `tstatus` tinyint(1) NOT NULL


     ) ENGINE=ARCHIVE COMMENT='ticket archive';


     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `request_hist` (


       `rqid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rqtid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rqsid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rqdate` datetime NOT NULL,


       `rqcode` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,


       `rssid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rsdate` datetime,


       `rscode` tinyint(1)


     ) ENGINE=ARCHIVE COMMENT='request archive';


     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `relay_hist` (


       `rqid` int(5) NOT NULL,


       `sdesc` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `rqemail` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `sid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rlsid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `dcode` varchar(5) NOT NULL


     ) ENGINE=ARCHIVE COMMENT='relay archive';


____SQL;


$result = $this->db->getConnection()->exec($sql);


?>





This will run fine but PDO will balk with the 'unbuffered' error if you follow this with another query.





Instead do:





<?php


$sql = <<<____SQL


     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `ticket_hist` (


       `tid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `trqform` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `trsform` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `tgen` datetime NOT NULL,


       `tterm` datetime,


       `tstatus` tinyint(1) NOT NULL


     ) ENGINE=ARCHIVE COMMENT='ticket archive';


____SQL;


$result = $this->db->getConnection()->exec($sql);





$sql = <<<____SQL


     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `request_hist` (


       `rqid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rqtid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rqsid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rqdate` datetime NOT NULL,


       `rqcode` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,


       `rssid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rsdate` datetime,


       `rscode` tinyint(1)


     ) ENGINE=ARCHIVE COMMENT='request archive';


____SQL;


$result = $this->db->getConnection()->exec($sql);





$sql = <<<____SQL


     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `relay_hist` (


       `rqid` int(5) NOT NULL,


       `sdesc` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `rqemail` varchar(40) NOT NULL,


       `sid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `rlsid` int(11) NOT NULL,


       `dcode` varchar(5) NOT NULL


     ) ENGINE=ARCHIVE COMMENT='relay archive';


____SQL;


$result = $this->db->getConnection()->exec($sql);


?>





Chopping it into individual queries fixes the problem.

down

practicegoodtheory at gmail dot com ¶

4 years ago


On Windows, with Apache, it would not load php_pdo_mysql.dll until I put libmysql.dll in Apache's dll path (e.g. apache/bin)

down

rmottey at gmail dot com ¶

5 years ago


I have been getting the error below when performing multiple queries within a single page.



Setting the attribute below did not seem to work for me.



So building on previous example i am initilizing my stmt  variable on every query and a fetch all into an array. Seems to be working for me.



Error:

PDO Error 1.1: Array ( [0] => xxx[1] => yyy[2] => Lost connection to MySQL server during query )



Fix:



(PDO::setAttribute("PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY", true);)



<?



try {

        $dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=xxx;port=xxx;dbname=xxx', 'xxx', 'xxx', array( PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => false));

 $stmt = $dbh->prepare("CALL getname()");



        // call the stored procedure

        $stmt->execute();

      // fetch all rows into an array.

       $rows = $stmt->fetchAll();

       foreach ($rows as $rs) 

    {

          $id = $rs['id'];

         }

//initilise the statement

unset($stmt);

$stmt = $dbh->prepare("call secondprocedure(?);");

$stmt->bindValue(1, $id);

if ( ! $stmt->execute() )

{

    echo "PDO Error 1.1:\n";

    print_r($stmt->errorInfo());

    exit;

}

unset($stmt);

} catch (PDOException $e) {

        print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br/>";

        die();

    }

?>

down

-1

marty at excudo dot net ¶

5 years ago


Davey wrote:

> To use "PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY" you should call

> PDO::setAttribute("PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY", true);

>

>It will not work when passed into PDO::prepare()

>

> - Davey



Almost correct. It should be:



PDO::setAttribute(PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY, true);



so, without the quotes.

otherwise it still won't work :)

down

-2

bratwizard at yahoo dot com ¶

5 years ago


> konrads dot smelkovs at gmail dot com

> 18-Jul-2007 03:39

> A note for the eager:

>> There is no way how to get returned row count from an executed prepared statement without fetching the rows.



Sure there is, just do something like this:



if ($sth = $pdo->prepare($sql)) {

    $sth->execute($values);

    $sth->fetch();



    // get count of rows in result set

   if ($sth_rc = $this->getDataset()->query('SELECT FOUND_ROWS()')) {

        $row_count = $sth_rc->fetchColumn(0);

        }

    }

add a note

MySQL Functions (PDO_MYSQL)

Introduction

Installation

Predefined Constants

Runtime Configuration

Table of Contents